k)Share-based compensation 

Share-based compensation to employees and those providing employee-like services are measured at the fair value of the instruments issued at the grant date and recognized over the vesting periods using the graded vesting method. Share-based payments to non-employees are measured at the fair value of goods or services received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, if it is determined the fair value of the goods or services cannot be reliably measured and are recorded at the date the goods or services are received.

If it is determined that the fair value of goods and services received cannot be reliably measured, the share-based expense is measured at the fair value of the equity instruments issued using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. For both employees and non-employees, the fair value of share-based compensation expense is recognized in profit or loss, with a corresponding increase in contributed surplus. When options expire unexercised, these amounts are reclassified into accumulated deficit.